National:
2003 AMA Quality Study
AAPA Regulatory Info
by
StateAAPA Where PAs are
Authorized
to PrescribeDEA Mid-level Practitioners
by
StateAAPA Census Data
NOTE: Links, PA Programs, Number of PAs and Per Capita Ranking updated 1/1/08.
ALABAMA
AMA Quality Rank: 42
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,630
PA Chapter: Alabama Society of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Alabama State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 433 (48)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No scheduled drugs, NP: Same
ALASKA
AMA Quality Rank: 33
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,442
PA Chapter: Alaska Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Alaska Division of Occupational Licensing
PA Programs: None
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 353 (1)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: None
ARIZONA
AMA Quality Rank: 29
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,100
PA Chapter: Arizona State Association of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Arizona Regulatory Board of Physician Assistants
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,595 (23)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA; Schedule II-III limited to 14 day supply, NP: Unknown
ARKANSAS
AMA Quality Rank: 48
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,540
PA Chapter: Arkansas Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Arkansas State Medical Board
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 121 (50)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: Same
CALIFORNIA
AMA Quality Rank: 44
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,429
PA Chapter: California Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Medical Board of California
PA Programs: 10
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 6,414 (39)
Prescribing: PAs write "drug orders" which are recognized as a prescription by the DEA
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: No Schedule II
COLORADO
AMA Quality Rank: 7
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,331
PA Chapter: Colorado Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Colorado Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,625 (11)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
CONNECTICUT
AMA Quality Rank: 9
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,656
PA Chapter: Connecticut Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Connecticut Division of Medical Quality Assurance
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,269 (8)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II & III. No restrictions in hospitals, LTC facilities, some EDs, NP: None known
DELAWARE
AMA Quality Rank: 14
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,258
PA Chapter: Delaware Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Delaware Board of Medical Practice
PA Programs: None
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 206 (29)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: Schedule II-V limited to 3 month supply, NP: None known
DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA
AMA Quality Rank: 37
CMS per Capita Spending: $6,656
PA Chapter: see AAPA
State Regulatory Board: District of Columbia Board of Medicine
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 187 (17)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No scheduled drugs, NP: None known
FLORIDA
AMA Quality Rank: 41
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,046
PA Chapter: Florida Academy of Physician Assistants (FAPA)
State Regulatory Board: Florida Board of Medicine
PA Programs: 6
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 4,090 (31)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No scheduled drugs, NP: No scheduled drugs
GEORGIA
AMA Quality Rank: 47
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,505
PA Chapter: Georgia Association of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Georgia Composite State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 4
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 2,242 (30)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: No scheduled drugs
HAWAII
AMA Quality Rank: 16
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,770
PA Chapter: Hawaii Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Hawaii Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: None
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 164 (45)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: No scheduled drugs
IDAHO
AMA Quality Rank: 22
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,035
PA Chapter: Idaho Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Idaho State Board of Medicine
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 475 (15)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
ILLINOIS
AMA Quality Rank: 46
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,801
PA Chapter: Illinois Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Illinois Department of Professional Regulation
PA Programs: 4
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,810 (44)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: Same
INDIANA
AMA Quality Rank: 27
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,566
PA Chapter: Indiana Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Indiana Health Professions Bureau
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 593 (49)
Prescribing: Schedule III-V
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: None known
IOWA
AMA Quality Rank: 6
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,765
PA Chapter: Iowa Physician Assistant Society
State Regulatory Board: Iowa Board of Physician Assistants
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 729 (27)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II stimulants/depressants only, NP: None known
KANSAS
AMA Quality Rank: 30
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,707
PA Chapter: Kansas Academy of Physician Assistants Home Page
State Regulatory Board: Kansas State Board of Healing Arts
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 739 (22)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
KENTUCKY
AMA Quality Rank: 40
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,711
PA Chapter: Kentucky Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Kentucky State Board of Medical Licensure
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 770 (36)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No scheduled drugs, NP: Same
LOUISIANA
AMA Quality Rank: 51
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,742
PA Chapter: Louisiana Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Louisiana State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 468 (46)
Prescribing: Schedule III-V
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: No schedule II
MAINE
AMA Quality Rank: 3
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,025
PA Chapter: Downeast Association of PAs
State Regulatory Board: Maine Board of Licensure in Medicine
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 561 (3)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II (Board may approve for individual PAs), NP: None known
MARYLAND
AMA Quality Rank: 25
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,848
PA Chapter: Maryland Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Maryland Board of Physicians
PA Programs: 3
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,829 (14)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
MASSACHUSETTS
AMA Quality Rank: 15
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,810 (Highest)
PA Chapter: Massachusetts Association of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Massachusetts Board of PA Registration
PA Programs: 3
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,558 (28)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
MICHIGAN
AMA Quality Rank: 26
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,676
PA Chapter: Michigan Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Michigan Task Force on Physician Assistants
PA Programs: 5
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 2,837 (19)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: Schedule II limited to 30 days as discharge meds, NP: Same
MINNESOTA
AMA Quality Rank: 10
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,986
PA Chapter: Minnesota Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Minnesota State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,113 (32)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
MISSISSIPPI
AMA Quality Rank: 50
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,474
PA Chapter: Mississippi Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Mississippi State Board of Medical Licensure
PA Programs: None
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 79 (51)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No scheduled drugs, NP: Under review
MISSOURI
AMA Quality Rank: 28
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,754
PA Chapter: Missouri Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Missouri Board of Healing Arts
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 557 (47)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No scheduled drugs, NP: Same
MONTANA
AMA Quality Rank: 13
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,314
PA Chapter: Montana Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Montana State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 339 (9)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: Schedule II limited to 48 hour supply, NP: Schedule II limited to 72 hour supply
NEBRASKA
AMA Quality Rank: 12
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,627
PA Chapter: Nebraksa Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Nebraska Health Department, Board of Examiners in Medicine & Surgery
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 675 (5)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: Schedule II limited to 72 hour supply, NP: None known
NEVADA
AMA Quality Rank: 35
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,147
PA Chapter: Nevada Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Nevada State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 446 (38)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
NEW HAMPSHIRE
AMA Quality Rank: 1
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,840
PA Chapter: New Hampshire Society of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: New Hampshire Board of Medicine
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 373 (18)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: From formulary
NEW JERSEY
AMA Quality Rank: 43
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,197
PA Chapter: New Jersey State Society of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: New Jersey Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,304 (42)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No scheduled drugs, NP: None known
NEW MEXICO
AMA Quality Rank: 36
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,209
PA Chapter: New Mexico Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: New Mexico State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 506 (24)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
NEW YORK
AMA Quality Rank: 24
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,706
PA Chapter: New York State Society of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: New York State Board for Medicine
PA Programs: 19
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 7,359 (6)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: None known
NORTH CAROLINA
AMA Quality Rank: 23
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,535
PA Chapter: North Carolina Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: North Carolina State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 4
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 3,282 (7)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: Schedule II - III limited to 30 day supply, NP: None known
NORTH DAKOTA
AMA Quality Rank: 4
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,881
PA Chapter: No link, see AAPA
State Regulatory Board: North Dakota State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 225 (10)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: None known
OHIO
AMA Quality Rank: 38
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,747
PA Chapter: Ohio Association of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Ohio State Medical Board
PA Programs: 5
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,852 (40)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: Limited to 72 hour supply
OKLAHOMA
AMA Quality Rank: 45
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,397
PA Chapter: Oklahoma Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Oklahoma State Board of Medical Licensure and Supervision
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 965 (21)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II (DEA lists no restrictions), NP: No schedule II
OREGON
AMA Quality Rank: 11
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,334
PA Chapter: Oregon Society of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Oregon Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 740 (34)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, NP: None known
PENNSYLVANIA
AMA Quality Rank: 31
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,168
PA Chapter: Pennsylvania Society of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Pennsylvania State Board of Medicine
PA Programs: 15
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 4,023 (16)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II. Meds limited to 30 day supply unless for chronic condition, NP: None known
RHODE ISLAND
AMA Quality Rank: 17
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,497
PA Chapter: Rhode Island Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Rhode Island Board of Licensure for Physician Assistants
PA Programs: None
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 229 (33)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
SOUTH CAROLINA
AMA Quality Rank: 32
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,529
PA Chapter: South Carolina Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: South Carolina State Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 674 (41)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II-IV, NP: Same
SOUTH DAKOTA
AMA Quality Rank: 20
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,650
PA Chapter: South Dakota Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: South Dakota State Board of Medical and Osteopathic Examiners
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 371 (2)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: Schedule limited to 48 hours (DEA lists none), NP: None known
TENNESSEE
AMA Quality Rank: 39
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,808
PA Chapter: Tennessee Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Tennessee Physician Assistant Committee
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 885 (43)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
TEXAS
AMA Quality Rank: 49
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,397
PA Chapter: Texas Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Physician Assistant Board
PA Programs: 7
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 4,259 (37)
Prescribing: In specified practice sites
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No scheduled drugs, NP: Same
UTAH
AMA Quality Rank: 5
CMS per Capita Spending: $2,731 (Lowest)
PA Chapter: Utah Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Utah Physician Assistant Licensing Board
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 631 (26)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Supply limited to 20 doses
VERMONT
AMA Quality Rank: 2
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,654
PA Chapter: Physician Assistant Academy of Vermont
State Regulatory Board: Vermont Board of Medical Practice
PA Programs: None
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 212 (12)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: None known
VIRGINIA
AMA Quality Rank: 18
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,284
PA Chapter: Virginia Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Virginia State Board of Medicine
PA Programs: 4
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,492 (35)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II-III, NP: Same
WASHINGTON
AMA Quality Rank: 19
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,382
PA Chapter: Washington State Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Washington State Department of Health, Medical Quality Assurance Commission
PA Programs: 1
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,800 (20)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
WEST VIRGINIA
AMA Quality Rank: 34
CMS per Capita Spending: $4,044
PA Chapter: West Virginia Association of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: West Virginia Board of Medicine
PA Programs: 2
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 701 (4)
Prescribing: Formulary
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: No schedule II, schedule III limited to 72 hour supply, NP: No schedule II
WISCONSIN
AMA Quality Rank: 8
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,845
PA Chapter: Wisconsin Academy of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Wisconsin Medical Examining Board
PA Programs: 3
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 1,432 (25)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
WYOMING
AMA Quality Rank: 21
CMS per Capita Spending: $3,381
PA Chapter: Wyoming Association of Physician Assistants
State Regulatory Board: Wyoming Board of Medical Examiners
PA Programs: None
Number of PAs (Per Capita Ranking): 173 (13)
Prescribing: Full
Prescribing Restrictions: PA: None, NP: Same
